What is Video Encoder?

Updated September 2026 · Reviewed by the Flicknexs platform team

Quick answer

A video encoder converts raw video and audio into a compressed digital format for streaming. Hardware encoders use dedicated chips for low latency and high performance. Software encoders use the CPU for flexibility and lower cost. Your choice affects stream stability, quality, and setup complexity.

Key takeaways

  • Hardware encoders offer lower latency and consistent performance under load.
  • Software encoders provide greater flexibility and easier remote deployment.
  • CPU usage is the primary bottleneck for software encoding.
  • Flicknexs accepts RTMP and SRT inputs from both encoder types.

How Video Encoders Work

Video encoding compresses raw video data into a format suitable for transmission. The encoder samples the video frame, predicts motion, and removes redundant data. It then packages the compressed data into a stream using a protocol like RTMP or SRT.

Hardware encoders use dedicated silicon, such as ASICs or FPGAs, to perform this compression. This offloads the work from the main CPU, allowing for lower latency and higher frame rates. They are often built into cameras, capture cards, or dedicated appliances.

Software encoders run on the general-purpose CPU. They use algorithms like x264 or NVENC to compress the video. While they require more processing power, they are easier to deploy on standard computers or servers. You can adjust encoding parameters in real time, which is useful for testing and tuning.

  • Hardware: Lower latency, consistent quality, higher upfront cost.
  • Software: Flexible, lower upfront cost, higher CPU load.

Why Video Encoders Matter for a Streaming Business

The encoder is the first point of failure in your live stream pipeline. If it drops frames or fails to compress efficiently, your viewers experience buffering or pixelation. Choosing the right encoder type depends on your operational model.

For large-scale events or multi-camera productions, hardware encoders provide the stability needed to maintain high-quality streams without taxing your main systems. They reduce the risk of dropped frames during peak load.

For smaller operations, remote producers, or content creators, software encoders offer a cost-effective solution. You can run them on standard laptops or servers, making it easy to scale up and down based on demand.

Understanding the trade-offs helps you budget correctly. A hardware solution may cost more upfront but saves on infrastructure overhead. A software solution may require more powerful servers but offers greater flexibility in deployment.

Common Mistakes with Video Encoders

  • Overloading the CPU: Running software encoders on underpowered machines causes dropped frames and audio desync.
  • Ignoring Network Conditions: High bitrate encodes can saturate your upload bandwidth, leading to stream interruptions.
  • Mismatched Resolution and Bitrate: Encoding 1080p at a low bitrate results in poor visual quality, while encoding 720p at a high bitrate wastes bandwidth.
  • Lack of Redundancy: Relying on a single encoder without a backup fails over if the primary unit crashes or loses connection.

How Flicknexs Handles Video Encoders

Flicknexs accepts live streams via RTMP ingest. You can use any hardware or software encoder that supports this protocol. The platform handles adaptive bitrate transcoding, delivering 1080p as standard with higher resolutions available on request. This keeps your stream looks good on all devices, from mobile to TV. You can also record live streams to VOD, creating a library of content from your live events. For more details on how to set up your live stream, see our Broadcast streaming software page.

Broadcast streaming software

Done reading about Video Encoder?

Flicknexs ships it as part of a white-label streaming platform: web, mobile and TV apps, billing, ads, DRM and playout, on your own domain.

Video Encoder FAQ

Hardware encoders use dedicated chips for compression, offering lower latency and higher performance. Software encoders use the CPU, providing more flexibility and lower upfront costs but requiring more processing power.
Yes, OBS Studio is a software encoder that supports RTMP output. You can configure it to stream to your Flicknexs ingest URL. This is a popular choice for creators and small teams due to its free and open-source nature.
Hardware encoders are generally preferred for live sports due to their low latency and ability to handle high-bitrate streams without taxing the main system. They provide consistent quality, which is critical for fast-moving content.
Flicknexs does not sell encoders. It accepts streams from any compatible hardware or software encoder via RTMP. You can use your existing equipment or purchase encoders from third-party vendors to connect to the platform.
Software encoders consume significant central processing power, which can limit concurrent streams per machine. Hardware encoders offload this work to dedicated graphics chips, freeing up CPU resources for other tasks. This separation allows a single server to handle more simultaneous streams without performance degradation or dropped frames during high-traffic events.
Hardware encoders maintain consistent performance under sustained loads, reducing the risk of thermal throttling that affects software solutions. They provide stable output quality for long-duration content like FAST channels. This reliability is important for continuous broadcasting where interruptions or quality dips are undesirable for viewers.
Video Encoder: Hardware vs Software Explained